Place · United States

The history of Ralston Valley

Ralston Valley was surveyed as a home for nuclear missiles
Last reviewed 16 October 2026 · A two-minute read · 1979–1983

Ralston Valley, within the Nevada National Security Site, was never settled in the ordinary sense. Between 1979 and 1983 it was surveyed as a candidate basing area for the MX missile system, its alluvium and volcanic rock measured for a weapon that ultimately went elsewhere.

The short answer

Ralston Valley, part of the Nevada National Security Site in Nevada, was studied between 1979 and 1983 as a candidate basing area for the MX missile system, with soil, gravity and ground-shock surveys mapping the basin's alluvium and underlying volcanic rock before the valley was left closed military land.

1979 to 1983

The valley was surveyed and tested as a missile site

Out here, on the floor of Ralston Valley, there's no building to point to. Scientists, soldiers and construction crews worked across this stretch of desert for decades, building mock towns and bunkers just to watch them vaporize.

The valley itself was part of that wider proving ground, a buffer of empty land around the blasts. Ranchers and prospectors had passed through earlier, but the desert's real modern history belongs to the atomic age. Fallout drifted over valleys like this one more than once, and downwind communities in Nevada and Utah later blamed the tests for cancers that showed up years afterward.

The valley is still closed military land, empty and silent, part of what is now called the Nevada National Security Site.

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Where this is

38.021°N 116.340°W TILE ≈ 1.2 × 0.6 KM
Town
Ralston Valley
Country
United States
Tile
≈1.2 × 0.6 km (geohash6)
Last reviewed
16 October 2026

The layers, in order

Sourced records, high and medium confidence. Era background is marked as such.
Deep time
Between about 23 and 2.6 million years ago, flood basalts and other mafic lava flows built up the bedrock beneath Ralston Valley.
Macrostrat · record, medium
The ground directly under you is undifferentiated alluvium, loose sand, gravel and silt washed down from surrounding hills over the last 2.6 million years.
Macrostrat · record, medium
Modern
1979
In 1979 the Defense Department surveyed the ground beneath you as a candidate site for the MX missile system, a plan to shuttle nuclear missiles between hundreds of hidden shelters across the Great Basin.
1979
A 1979 Defense Department program sampled the soil around this valley to work out how it would behave under the stress of military construction and potential ground shock.
1980
In 1980 military engineers produced a detailed geotechnical study of Ralston Valley, synthesizing data and cataloguing soil and rock conditions across the basin.
1981
In 1981 surveyors ran a gravity survey across Ralston Valley as part of the missile-basing investigation, measuring tiny variations in gravity to map the rock layers underground.
1981
A 1981 statistical study analyzed how compressible the near-surface soils of Ralston Valley were, data gathered as part of the missile-siting work.
DTIC ADA159459 · record, medium
1982
In 1982 researchers characterized the site to make probabilistic predictions of ground shock, studying how a blast's force would move through the valley's soil.
DTIC ADA120398 · record, medium
1983
A 1983 study determined soil properties in the valley by analyzing how the ground itself moved under test loads.
DTIC ADA130316 · record, medium

Questions about this place

Answered in one sentence, then in full above
What was here before the missile surveys?
Ranchers and prospectors passed through the valley earlier, but its modern history was shaped by the atomic age, as part of the wider Nevada proving ground where mock towns and bunkers were built to be vaporized in weapons tests.
What happened at Ralston Valley in 1979?
The Defense Department surveyed the valley as a candidate site for the MX missile system, a plan to shuttle nuclear missiles between hundreds of hidden shelters across the Great Basin, while a separate program sampled the soil to see how it would behave under military construction and ground shock.
Was Ralston Valley ever used for missile basing?
The material describes it as a site that was surveyed and tested for the MX missile program through soil, gravity and ground-shock studies between 1979 and 1983; it remains closed military land as part of the Nevada National Security Site.
What is the ground made of at Ralston Valley?
The valley floor is undifferentiated alluvium, loose sand, gravel and silt washed down from surrounding hills over the last 2.6 million years, sitting above volcanic bedrock built from flood basalts and other mafic lava flows between about 23 and 2.6 million years ago.
Did nuclear testing affect Ralston Valley?
The valley was part of a wider buffer of empty desert land around nuclear blasts, and fallout drifted over valleys like it more than once, with downwind communities in Nevada and Utah later blaming the tests for cancers that appeared years afterward.

Where this came from

1
DTIC ADA112733: MX Siting Investigation — Ralston Valley was sized up as a home for nuclear missiles
2
DTIC ADA084251: Probabilistic Soil Sampling Program — Engineers tested how the soil here would handle a nuclear blast
3
DTIC ADA112997 / ADA112998: MX Siting Investigation, Ralston Valley — A two-volume engineering study measured Ralston Valley's ground
4
DTIC ADA112198: MX Siting Investigation Gravity Survey — A gravity survey mapped what lies beneath the valley floor
5
DTIC ADA159459 — Statisticians crunched soil compressibility data from this valley
6
DTIC ADA120398 — Scientists modeled how ground shock would travel through this earth
7
DTIC ADA130316 — Researchers used ground motion to figure out what the soil was made of
8
Macrostrat — Volcanic rock from the age of early horses underlies this valley

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